BESE-142
LIFELONG LEARNING
BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment January 2023
Assignment A
Q 1. Explain the concept and significance of lifelong learning.
Ans. Lifelong learning is the continuous and self-directed pursuit of knowledge and skills throughout one’s life.
It involves the ongoing acquisition of knowledge, skills, and attitudes that enable individuals to adapt to changes in their personal and professional lives.
The significance of lifelong learning is manifold. Firstly, it enables individuals to stay relevant and competitive in the ever-changing job market.
In today’s fast-paced world, skills become outdated quickly, and lifelong learning provides individuals with the opportunity to upskill or reskill themselves to stay ahead of the curve.
Secondly, lifelong learning promotes personal growth and development. It helps individuals to expand their knowledge, develop new skills, and broaden their perspectives, which can lead to increased creativity, problem-solving abilities, and critical thinking skills.
Thirdly, lifelong learning can have a positive impact on health and well-being. Studies have shown that engaging in lifelong learning activities can improve cognitive function and memory, reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, and increase social engagement and feelings of purpose.
Lifelong learning is a critical concept in today’s rapidly changing world, where the pace of innovation and technological advancement is accelerating.
As new industries emerge and others become obsolete, individuals must be prepared to adapt and acquire new skills to remain competitive in the job market.
Moreover, as the population ages, the need for lifelong learning becomes even more critical to promote continued growth and development, both personally and professionally. BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
One of the most significant benefits of lifelong learning is the opportunity to upskill or reskill oneself to stay ahead of the curve.
Many jobs that exist today did not even exist a decade ago, and as technology advances, the demand for certain skills will increase, while the demand for others will decrease.
Therefore, individuals must be prepared to acquire new skills or update existing ones to stay relevant in the job market.
Furthermore, lifelong learning can also lead to career advancement and increased earning potential.
Studies have shown that individuals who engage in continuous learning and development are more likely to be promoted, and are likely to earn higher salaries compared to those who do not.
However, lifelong learning is not just about career advancement and financial gain. It can also have a significant impact on personal growth and development.
By expanding one’s knowledge base and learning new skills, individuals can develop greater self-awareness, increase their creativity and problem-solving abilities, and develop a deeper understanding of the world around them.
Moreover, lifelong learning can also have a positive impact on mental health and well-being.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
As individuals age, cognitive function and memory can decline, leading to a reduced quality of life.
However, engaging in lifelong learning activities, such as reading, taking classes, or participating in social events, can help to maintain cognitive function and reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia.
Another benefit of lifelong learning is the opportunity to connect with others and develop social networks.
By participating in classes or events, individuals can meet new people and develop relationships based on shared interests and experiences.
This can lead to increased social engagement, which has been shown to have a positive impact on mental health and well-being.
Furthermore, lifelong learning can also have a positive impact on society as a whole. As individuals acquire new knowledge and skills, they can use these to contribute to their communities and society in meaningful ways.
For example, a person who learns about sustainable living practices can share this knowledge with others and encourage the adoption of more sustainable practices in their community.
Similarly, a person who learns about cultural diversity can help to promote greater understanding and acceptance of different cultures and communities.
In addition to the benefits of lifelong learning, there are also some challenges and barriers that individuals may face. BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
For example, access to education and training opportunities may be limited in certain geographic regions or for certain populations.
Additionally, the cost of education and training can be a significant barrier for some individuals, particularly those from low-income backgrounds.
Furthermore, individuals may face personal barriers to lifelong learning, such as time constraints or a lack of motivation.
Balancing work, family, and other obligations can make it challenging to find the time and energy to engage in lifelong learning activities.
Moreover, without a clear sense of purpose or motivation, it can be challenging to stay committed to the process of lifelong learning.
To address these challenges and barriers, governments, educational institutions, and employers can take steps to promote lifelong learning.
For example, governments can provide funding and resources to support lifelong learning initiatives, particularly for underprivileged communities.
Educational institutions can develop more flexible and accessible learning options, such as online courses or part-time programs, to meet the needs of learners who may have other obligations.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Employers can also play a role in promoting lifelong learning by providing training and development opportunities for their employees.
By investing in the ongoing development of their staff, employers can increase employee engagement and job satisfaction, which can lead to improved retention rates and productivity.
Q 2. Discuss different types of leaning societies.
Ans. Learning societies are those that prioritize education, knowledge acquisition, and learning as a fundamental part of their culture and values.
These societies recognize that education and lifelong learning are essential for personal growth, professional development, and societal progress.
There are several different types of learning societies, each with its own unique characteristics and priorities.
Formal Learning Societies
Formal learning societies are those that place a high value on traditional educational institutions, such as schools and universities.
In these societies, formal education is seen as the primary means of acquiring knowledge and skills, and it is highly valued in terms of career advancement and social mobility. BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Formal learning societies invest heavily in education and provide significant resources to support educational institutions and programs.
Informal Learning Societies
Informal learning societies are those that prioritize informal and non-traditional forms of learning, such as experiential learning, mentorship, and self-directed learning.
In these societies, individuals learn through practical experience, observation, and interactions with others, rather than through formal classroom instruction.
Informal learning societies often place a high value on practical skills and experiential knowledge, rather than academic credentials.
Collective Learning Societies
Collective learning societies are those that prioritize collaborative learning and knowledge-sharing.
In these societies, individuals work together to solve problems, share knowledge and expertise, and support each other’s learning and development.
Collective learning societies often have strong social networks and community structures that facilitate knowledge-sharing and collaboration.
Networked Learning Societies
Networked learning societies are those that prioritize technology-enabled learning and digital networks as a means of knowledge acquisition and sharing.
In these societies, individuals use digital tools and platforms to connect with others, access information and resources, and collaborate on learning projects.
Networked learning societies often have strong digital infrastructures and a culture of innovation and experimentation with new technologies.
Lifelong Learning Societies
Lifelong learning societies are those that prioritize ongoing learning and skill development throughout an individual’s life.
In these societies, individuals are encouraged to pursue education and training opportunities throughout their lives, regardless of age or stage of life.
Lifelong learning societies often have robust educational systems and a culture of personal and professional development.
Sustainable Learning Societies
Sustainable learning societies are those that prioritize education and learning as a means of promoting sustainable development and environmental stewardship.
In these societies, individuals are encouraged to learn about environmental issues, sustainable practices, and the impact of human behavior on the planet.
Sustainable learning societies often have strong environmental policies and a culture of conservation and sustainability.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Intercultural Learning Societies
Intercultural learning societies are those that prioritize education and learning as a means of promoting cross-cultural understanding and acceptance.
In these societies, individuals are encouraged to learn about different cultures, languages, and perspectives, and to engage in dialogue and collaboration with people from diverse backgrounds.
Intercultural learning societies often have strong policies and programs to promote diversity, inclusion, and multiculturalism.
Learning societies are an essential aspect of the development and progress of nations. They play a vital role in shaping the culture, economy, and politics of a country.
A learning society is characterized by its commitment to education, knowledge acquisition, and lifelong learning, and the creation of opportunities for individuals to engage in these activities.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
The different types of learning societies reflect different cultural, social, and economic priorities, and each type offers unique opportunities and challenges for individuals and society as a whole.
For instance, in formal learning societies, formal education is highly valued, and individuals are encouraged to pursue advanced degrees and certifications to improve their career prospects.
However, in informal learning societies, individuals are encouraged to gain practical skills and knowledge through experience and observation.
Collective learning societies, on the other hand, prioritize collaboration and knowledge-sharing, with individuals working together to solve problems and support each other’s learning and development.
These societies often have strong social networks and community structures that facilitate knowledge-sharing and collaboration.
Networked learning societies prioritize technology-enabled learning and digital networks as a means of knowledge acquisition and sharing.
These societies often have robust digital infrastructures and a culture of innovation and experimentation with new technologies.
Lifelong learning societies prioritize ongoing learning and skill development throughout an individual’s life, regardless of age or stage of life.
These societies often have robust educational systems and a culture of personal and professional development.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Sustainable learning societies prioritize education and learning as a means of promoting sustainable development and environmental stewardship.
These societies often have strong environmental policies and a culture of conservation and sustainability.
Finally, intercultural learning societies prioritize education and learning as a means of promoting cross-cultural understanding and acceptance.
These societies often have strong policies and programs to promote diversity, inclusion, and multiculturalism.
All types of learning societies offer unique opportunities for personal and societal growth, and they each have their own challenges.
For example, formal learning societies may struggle to provide access to education for all members of society, while informal learning societies may struggle to validate and recognize experiential knowledge and skills.
Collective learning societies may struggle with conflicts and disagreements among group members, while networked learning societies may struggle with issues of privacy and security.
In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of learning societies and their role in shaping the future.
The UNESCO has identified learning societies as a key pillar of sustainable development and has called for increased investment in education and lifelong learning.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical role of learning societies in adapting to new challenges and ensuring the continuity of education and training in the face of unprecedented disruptions.
In response to the pandemic, many learning societies have pivoted to digital platforms and remote learning, highlighting the importance of technology-enabled learning in the modern world.
Assignment B
Q 3. Explain the Theory of Praxis with special reference to lifelong learning.
Ans. The theory of praxis is a philosophical and sociological concept that emphasizes the relationship between theory and practice, and the importance of action and reflection in shaping human behavior and society.
The theory of praxis posits that individuals are not passive recipients of knowledge but active agents who can transform themselves and their environment through action and reflection.
In the context of lifelong learning, the theory of praxis emphasizes the importance of connecting learning with real-world experience and action.
It recognizes that learning is not just about acquiring knowledge but also about applying that knowledge to solve practical problems and create positive change in society.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
The theory of praxis suggests that lifelong learning should be grounded in the real-world experiences of individuals and should focus on developing practical skills and knowledge that can be applied in everyday life.
This means that lifelong learning should not be limited to formal education but should include a range of informal and experiential learning opportunities, such as on-the-job training, community-based learning, and self-directed learning.
Moreover, the theory of praxis recognizes that learning is a social activity and that individuals learn best when they are engaged in collaborative and participatory learning environments.
This means that lifelong learning should provide opportunities for individuals to work together, share knowledge and expertise, and engage in critical reflection and dialogue.
The theory of praxis also emphasizes the importance of critical reflection and self-awareness in learning.
It suggests that individuals should be encouraged to reflect on their own experiences, values, and assumptions, and to challenge their own beliefs and biases.
This means that lifelong learning should provide opportunities for individuals to engage in critical thinking, self-reflection, and self-evaluation.
Finally, the theory of praxis recognizes that learning is an ongoing and iterative process that requires continual adaptation and adjustment.
It suggests that individuals should be encouraged to experiment, take risks, and learn from their mistakes. BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
This means that lifelong learning should provide opportunities for individuals to engage in trial-and-error learning, experimentation, and continuous feedback and evaluation.
To further elaborate on the theory of praxis in the context of lifelong learning, it is important to understand how this theory can be applied in practice.
One way to do this is through the development of learning communities or communities of practice.
A learning community is a group of individuals who share a common interest or goal and who work together to learn from each other and to improve their practice.
Learning communities can be formal or informal and can take many different forms, such as professional associations, interest groups, or online communities.
The theory of praxis suggests that learning communities can be an effective way to promote lifelong learning by providing opportunities for individuals to engage in collaborative and participatory learning environments.
Learning communities can also help individuals to connect learning with real-world practice, to engage in critical reflection and dialogue, and to experiment and learn from their mistakes.
Learning communities can take many different forms, but they typically share a few key characteristics. BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
First, they are usually composed of individuals who share a common interest or goal.
This interest or goal can be related to a particular field of practice, a specific issue or challenge, or a general interest in learning and development.
Second, learning communities are usually structured around a set of shared practices or activities.
These practices or activities may include things like workshops, seminars, or online discussions, but they can also include more informal activities, such as mentoring, coaching, or peer support.
Third, learning communities are usually characterized by a strong sense of mutual support and collaboration.
Members of learning communities are typically committed to helping each other learn and develop, and they are willing to share their knowledge, experience, and resources with each other.
Q 4. Discuss different aspects of global interventions for lifelong learning.
Ans. Global interventions for lifelong learning refer to the policies, programs, and initiatives implemented by governments, international organizations, and civil society groups to promote lifelong learning at the global level.
These interventions are designed to ensure that individuals have access to the education and training they need throughout their lives to succeed in a rapidly changing and increasingly interconnected world.
There are several different aspects of global interventions for lifelong learning, including the following:BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Access and Equity: One of the key goals of global interventions for lifelong learning is to ensure that individuals have equal access to education and training opportunities regardless of their background or circumstances.
This involves addressing barriers to access such as poverty, gender discrimination, and geographic isolation.
Quality and Relevance: Global interventions for lifelong learning also focus on ensuring that education and training programs are of high quality and relevant to the needs of learners and society.
This involves developing curricula and pedagogies that are responsive to changing labor market demands and that equip learners with the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in the 21st century.
Lifelong Learning Pathways: Another aspect of global interventions for lifelong learning is the development of lifelong learning pathways that enable individuals to pursue education and training opportunities throughout their lives.
This involves creating flexible and adaptable education systems that allow individuals to move between different levels of education and training, and that recognize prior learning and work experience.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Technology and Innovation: Global interventions for lifelong learning also recognize the role of technology and innovation in promoting lifelong learning.
This involves leveraging digital technologies to create new and innovative learning opportunities, such as online courses and mobile learning apps, and to enhance the quality and relevance of education and training programs.
International Cooperation: Finally, global interventions for lifelong learning also emphasize the importance of international cooperation and collaboration in promoting lifelong learning.
This involves sharing best practices, expertise, and resources across borders and working together to address global challenges such as climate change, poverty, and social inequality.
Access and Equity: Global interventions for lifelong learning recognize that access to education and training opportunities is not equal across different groups of people.
Factors such as poverty, gender, race, and disability can create significant barriers to accessing education and training.
Global interventions aim to address these barriers by developing policies and programs that provide equal access to education and training opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their background or circumstances.
This can include providing financial assistance, scholarships, and other forms of support to individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds.
It can also involve developing outreach programs that target individuals in marginalized communities and providing education and training in languages that are accessible to these communities.
Quality and Relevance: Quality and relevance are important aspects of global interventions for lifelong learning. Education and training programs must be of high quality and relevant to the needs of learners and society.
This requires the development of curricula and pedagogies that are responsive to changing labor market demands and that equip learners with the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in the 21st century.
Global interventions can help to improve the quality and relevance of education and training programs by providing support for teacher training, curriculum development, and the development of educational resources.
It can also involve collaboration with industry and employers to ensure that education and training programs align with the needs of the labor market.
Lifelong Learning Pathways: Global interventions for lifelong learning recognize that learning does not end with formal education.
Lifelong learning pathways are essential to ensure that individuals can continue to learn and develop throughout their lives.
This requires the development of flexible and adaptable education systems that allow individuals to move between different levels of education and training, and that recognize prior learning and work experience.
Global interventions can support the development of lifelong learning pathways by providing support for adult education and training programs, including skills training and vocational education. BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
It can also involve the development of recognition and accreditation systems that allow individuals to receive credit for their prior learning and work experience.
Q 5. Explain, with suitable examples, the concept of ‘Communities of Practice’.
Ans. Communities of practice (CoPs) are groups of individuals who share a common interest or profession and engage in ongoing learning and collaboration to improve their practice.
CoPs are based on the idea that learning is a social process that occurs through collaboration and interaction with others who share a common interest or goal.
CoPs can be found in a variety of contexts, including workplaces, professional associations, online communities, and informal social networks.
They are often characterized by a shared sense of purpose, mutual trust and respect, and a willingness to share knowledge and experience.
One example of a CoP is the medical community. Doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals work together to diagnose and treat patients, share knowledge and expertise, and develop new medical treatments and procedures.
The medical community is constantly learning and adapting to new challenges, and this is facilitated through ongoing collaboration and communication among its members.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Another example of a CoP is the open-source software development community. This community is made up of software developers who collaborate to create, develop, and maintain open-source software projects.
Members of the community share code, knowledge, and experience, and work together to solve complex technical problems.
CoPs can also be found in educational settings. For example, a group of teachers who work together to develop new teaching methods or improve their instructional practices can be considered a CoP.
These teachers share their experiences and knowledge, provide feedback on each other’s work, and collaborate to improve student learning outcomes.
CoPs can be formal or informal, and can take many different forms. Some CoPs are organized around a specific profession or industry, while others are organized around a particular interest or hobby.
CoPs can also be local or global in scope, with members from different parts of the world coming together to share knowledge and expertise.
The concept of CoPs has gained increasing attention in recent years as a way to promote lifelong learning and professional development.
CoPs provide individuals with a supportive environment in which to learn, share knowledge, and collaborate with others who share their interests and goals.
CoPs also provide a number of benefits to organizations and communities. They can help to create a sense of shared purpose and identity, promote innovation and creativity, and facilitate the transfer of knowledge and expertise across different parts of an organization or community.
One example of a CoP in an organizational setting is the Communities of Practice program at Xerox Corporation. BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Xerox created CoPs as a way to bring together employees from different parts of the organization to share knowledge and expertise, and to collaborate on developing new products and services.
Through the CoPs program, Xerox has been able to create a more innovative and entrepreneurial culture within the organization.
CoPs have helped to break down silos and encourage collaboration across different parts of the company. This has led to the development of new products and services, as well as improvements to existing ones.
Another example of a CoP in an educational setting is the Virtual CoP for Online Educators. This CoP is an online community of educators who teach in online or blended learning environments.
Members of the CoP share knowledge and resources related to online teaching, collaborate on the development of new instructional materials, and provide support and feedback to each other.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Q 6. What are the critical issues and concerns in lifelong learning? Discuss.
Ans. Lifelong learning is a critical aspect of personal and professional development, and it plays a vital role in improving individuals’ social, economic, and intellectual well-being.
However, there are several critical issues and concerns associated with lifelong learning that must be addressed to ensure its effectiveness and relevance.
Access and Equity: One of the critical issues in lifelong learning is access and equity. Lifelong learning opportunities should be available to all individuals regardless of their age, gender, race, ethnicity, social class, or economic status.
However, access to education and training opportunities is often limited by social and economic barriers, such as poverty, discrimination, and inequality.
Cost: The cost of lifelong learning can be a significant barrier for many individuals, particularly those from low-income backgrounds.
The high cost of education and training programs, as well as the associated expenses such as textbooks, materials, and transportation, can make it difficult for individuals to pursue lifelong learning opportunities.
Relevance: Another critical issue in lifelong learning is the relevance of the education and training programs to the needs and interests of learners.
Lifelong learning opportunities should be designed to meet the changing demands of the labor market and the evolving needs of society.
However, many programs may become outdated or fail to provide learners with the necessary skills and knowledge to succeed in today’s global economy.
Quality: The quality of lifelong learning opportunities is also a significant concern. Learners should have access to high-quality education and training programs that are rigorous, engaging, and relevant to their needs.
However, the quality of education and training programs can vary significantly depending on the provider, curriculum, and instructional methods used.
Recognition: Lifelong learning opportunities should also be recognized and valued by employers, educational institutions, and society at large.
However, many employers and educational institutions may not recognize the value of lifelong learning, or may not have mechanisms in place to assess and validate the skills and knowledge gained through such programs.
Technology: Technology is playing an increasingly important role in lifelong learning, but it can also create new challenges and concerns.
Digital literacy and access to technology can be a barrier for some learners, particularly those from low-income backgrounds.
Additionally, the rapid pace of technological change can make it difficult for educational institutions and learners to keep up with the latest developments.
Motivation: Finally, motivation is a critical issue in lifelong learning. Learners must be motivated to pursue education and training opportunities, and to continue learning throughout their lives. BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
However, many factors can impact motivation, including personal interests and goals, family and work obligations, and the perceived value and relevance of the education and training programs.
In conclusion, lifelong learning is critical for personal and professional development, but there are several issues and concerns that must be addressed to ensure its effectiveness and relevance.
Access and equity, cost, relevance, quality, recognition, technology, and motivation are all critical factors that must be taken into account when designing and implementing lifelong learning programs.
By addressing these issues, we can create more equitable, accessible, and effective lifelong learning opportunities that benefit individuals, communities, and society as a whole.
Assignment C
Q 7. How do you categorise the participants of lifelong learning?
Ans. Participants of lifelong learning can be categorized into several groups based on various factors such as age, gender, educational level, employment status, and motivation. Here are some common categories of lifelong learners:
Older adults: This group includes individuals who are typically over the age of 50 and are looking to acquire new skills or knowledge to remain active and engaged in their later years.
They may be retired or nearing retirement and seek opportunities to learn and grow in areas such as technology, health, or hobbies.
Working professionals: This group includes individuals who are currently employed and seek to enhance their skills and knowledge to advance their careers or switch to new careers. BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
They may pursue courses, certificates, or degrees related to their current job or explore new fields of interest.
Students: This group includes individuals who are pursuing formal education such as high school or college students, as well as those pursuing postgraduate degrees.
They may take courses in traditional classroom settings or online to supplement their formal education.
Individuals with disabilities: This group includes individuals with physical, intellectual, or learning disabilities who may require specialized education and training to achieve their full potential.
They may participate in vocational training programs or seek adaptive technology to support their learning.
Entrepreneurs and small business owners: This group includes individuals who are self-employed or run small businesses and seek to enhance their skills and knowledge to improve their business operations or explore new opportunities.
Personal growth seekers: This group includes individuals who seek lifelong learning opportunities purely for personal growth and enrichment.
They may take courses or workshops in areas such as art, music, languages, or philosophy to expand their horizons and gain new perspectives.
Community learners: This group includes individuals who participate in lifelong learning programs offered by community organizations, libraries, or cultural institutions. They may take part in courses or workshops that enhance their civic engagement, cultural awareness, or social connections.
International learners: This group includes individuals who participate in lifelong learning programs in different countries to enhance their skills and knowledge while experiencing different cultures and languages.
Casual learners: This group includes individuals who pursue lifelong learning opportunities on an informal, ad-hoc basis, such as reading books, watching videos, or attending talks or seminars.
They may pursue learning out of curiosity, interest, or a desire to stay informed and engaged with the world around them.
Q 8. What are the distinguishing features of a lifelong learning approach?
Ans. A lifelong learning approach is characterized by several distinguishing features that set it apart from traditional models of education. Here are some of the key features of a lifelong learning approach:
Learning as a continuous process: In a lifelong learning approach, learning is not limited to a particular age or stage of life.
Instead, it is seen as a continuous process that takes place throughout an individual’s life, with opportunities for learning and personal growth at every stage.
Flexibility and personalization: A lifelong learning approach recognizes that individuals have different learning styles, needs, and interests.
Therefore, it offers a range of learning options that are flexible and personalized to meet the diverse needs of learners. This may include online courses, self-directed learning, and personalized learning plans.
Recognition of prior learning: Lifelong learning recognizes that individuals bring different experiences and knowledge to the learning process.
Therefore, it values and recognizes prior learning, whether gained through formal education or through work and life experiences.
Focus on skills and competencies: A lifelong learning approach places emphasis on the acquisition of skills and competencies that are relevant and valuable in the rapidly changing world of work.
This may include critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, and digital literacy.BESE 142 Solved Free Assignment 2023
Collaborative learning: Lifelong learning recognizes the value of collaborative learning and encourages learners to work together in teams, communities of practice, and other collaborative learning settings.
This fosters the development of social and interpersonal skills, as well as the sharing of knowledge and expertise.
Lifelong learning culture: A lifelong learning approach seeks to create a culture of learning in which learning is seen as a natural and essential part of life.
This includes promoting a learning mindset and creating a supportive learning environment that encourages individuals to pursue their learning goals.
Integration of formal and informal learning: Lifelong learning recognizes that learning takes place in different contexts, including formal education, work, and everyday life.
Therefore, it seeks to integrate formal and informal learning opportunities to create a seamless learning experience.